LINCOLN’S SPRINGFIELD: 1839 Richard E. Hart JANUARY John S. Roberts Appointed Postmaster On January 1, 1839, John S. Roberts was appointed postmaster at Springfield. Birth of Edgar W. Ruckel On January 22, 1839, Daniel E. and Catharine V. G. Forbes Ruckel had a son, Edgar W.[1] Col. Lehmanowsky Preaches at First Presbyterian Church On January __, 1830, Col. Lehmanowsky, formerly an officer in Napoleon’s army, preached an “original, ingenious and eloquent sermon” in the First Presbyterian Church. He announced a series of lectures on the life of Napoleon.[2] FEBRUARY Sangamon County Boundaries Reduced On February 15, 1839, the counties of Menard, Logan and Dane (the latter name since changed to Christian) were established, and Sangamon was reduced to its present boundaries. The original 4,800 square miles now became about 875 square miles.[3] However, in clinching her hold on the capital, Springfield had to take a dose of bitter medicine in the loss of county territory. It was inevitable, of course, that the huge area with which Sangamon County was originally endowed would be speedily curtailed as settlement progressed, but by 1825, after the present counties of Morgan, Scott and Cass had been cut from her western limits and most of the territory bordering on the Illinois River had been severed, her people hoped that her limits would remain unmodified. But in the years which followed, agitation for further division gained momentum. Residents living near the boundaries complained that it took two days, and often longer, to travel to Springfield and return to their homes; and proprietors of town sites which aspired to be county seats abetted their discontent. Springfield protested, tried to send to the legislature men who were pledged against county division. By 1838, however, the movement was too strong to be resisted, and the session of that year saw the creation of Menard and Logan to the north and Dane, now Christian, to the south. Springfield made a wry face, but finally took consolation in the fact that the limits of Sangamon County, though curtailed, were still extensive enough to permit her to be called the Empire County.[4] The Illinois Mutual Fire Insurance Company Organized On February 23, 1839, The Illinois Mutual Fire Insurance Company became incorporated with John Francis Rague as one of the directors.[5] Sangamon County Delegates To Annual Meeting of Illinois Anti-Slavery Society On February 26, 1839, The Genius of Universal Emancipation[6], an abolitionist newspaper published at Hennepin, Illinois, reported that the Sangamon County delegates to the Illinois Anti-Slavery Society annual meeting were: Thomas Galt[7] L. N. Ransom Luther N. Ransom E. Wright Erastus Wright J. W. Little John Lyman[8] Birth of Matilda B. Beach Richard H. and Eliza H. Baldwin Beach had a daughter, Catharine E., in 1835. [9] SPRING Arrival of Adam Johnston Adam Johnston, born on April 14, 1816, in Glasgow, Scotland. When he was four days old his parents embarked on board a vessel, and after a short stat at Belfast, Ireland, sailed for America, landing during the summer of that year in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. He was brought up in that city and learned the business of a marble mason. During that time he assisted in building Girard College. He went in 1837, to Jefferson City, Missouri, and after filling a contract on the State House, then in course of construction there, he came to Springfield, in the spring of 1839, and worked as a journeyman on the State House of Illinois. Mr. Johnson was married on July 3, 1846 to Barbara A. Wolgamot. He has been continuously and successfully in business in Springfield, nearly thirty-eight years. Adam Johnson and wife now—December 1876—reside in Springfield, Illinois.[10] MARCH Springfield Academy Established and Opens on South Fourth Street In 1839, the Springfield Academy, newly incorporated, opened in a new building on South Fourth Street.[11] “…a joint stock company was organized, and an act to incorporate the Springfield Academy was approved March 1, 1839. In accordance with that act, the following named constituted the first Board of Trustees: Washington Iles, F. Webster, Jr., S. T. Logan, John F. Rague, N. H. Ridgely, Robert Allen and Charles R. Matheny. Under the auspices of this association, the Academy building was erected. Messrs. Town and Sill opened a school in this building before it was fully completed. They did not remain long, however, but were succeeded in the fall of 1840 by Rev. J. F. Brooks. For two years the school was open to both sexes, and then for a few months, until Mr. Brooks’ connection with it ceased, only to females. From the spring of 1843 until the fall of 1853, this school was exclusively for females; first under the charge of Mr. Allard, and then of Mr. Kimball. In 1844, Rev. Francis Springer took control of the school, on his own responsibility. He continued in charge until 1847, when he was succeeded by A. W. Estabrook. In the meantime, in the fall of 1844, Mr. Brooks had established a school for young ladies, at his own residence on south Fifth street.[12] For fifteen years (1839-1854) this institution (Springfield Academy), together with the Springfield Female Seminary which the Rev. J. F. Brooks conducted, and the Mechanic's Institute, bore the brunt of the educational burden, although there were always a number of smaller schools. Jabez Capps Candidate for Logan County Recorder of Deeds The March 30, 1839 Journal reported that Jabez Capps was a candidate for the Logan County Recorder’s office.[13] Simeon Francis vs. Heirs of Edward Mitchell Lincoln writes report, which Baker signs, in Simeon Francis vs. Heirs of Edward Mitchell. Mitchell, a late postmaster of Springfield, failed to give deed to lot.[14] Benjamin Talbott Candidate for Recorder of Deeds The March 23, 1839 Journal reported that Benjamin Talbott was a candidate for Sangamon County Recorder of Deeds.[15] Marriage of David G. Council and Mary J. Donaldson On March 28, 1839, David G. Council married Mary J. Donaldson.[16] Philo Beers Candidate for Recorder of Deeds The March 30, 1839 Journal reported that Philo Beers was a candidate for Sangamon County Recorder of Deeds.[17] Birth of Lucy E. Willard Alexander and Louisa L. Higgie Willard had a daughter, Lucy E., in March 1839.[18] Moreau J. and Jefferson Phillips Receive Contract to Provide Sand For Capitol March in 1839, Moreau and Jefferson Phillips received the contract for sand previously held by David Curtright. They agreed under bond to deliver 2,000 bushels “of clear River-Washed Sand” for 6c per bushel.[19] APRIL Jabez Capps Elected Logan County Recorder of Deeds The April 5, 1839 Journal reported that Jabez Capps had been elected Logan County Recorder of Deeds.[20] John Capps Issued Tavern License The April 12, 1839 Journal reported that John Capps had been issued a tavern license.[21] Reverend Charles Dresser Purchases Lot at Eighth and Jackson Streets On April 23, 1839, Dresser purchased a lot at Eighth and Jackson Streets from Dr. Gershom Jayne and his wife, Sybil.[22] John Dryer Candidate for Constable The April 26, 1839 Journal reported that John Dryer was a candidate for constable.[23] Arrival of Reuben F. Ruth Reuben F. Ruth, born on August 6, 1815, in Wrightsville, York County, Pennsylvania, came to Springfield in April 1839, and engaged in the business of a saddle and harness maker.[24] Reorganization Of Sangamon County Colonization Society On April 8, 1839, Jared Irwin made the following entry in his diary concerning his attendance at a meeting of the Sangamon County Colonization Society, which was reorganized at the same time.[25] April 8. This evening heard with pleasure Porter Clay Esq. (Bro. of the Hon. H. Clay) deliver his first lecture in behalf of the “Colonization Society”, he was recently been appointed agt. of the “great valley” & has this evening commenced upon the duties of his mission, intending to lecture & form Societies throughout the length & bredth of the Valley. He is quite eloquent.‑May success attend him. Wood River Colored Baptist Association Formed On April 29, 1839, representatives of Illinois Black Baptist Churches met in the home of Samuel Vincent of Alton to form the Wood River Colored Baptist Association. Arrival of Oliver and Rachel Smith Hillman and Family Oliver and Rachel Smith Hillman had six children in Philadelphia and New Jersey, and moved with a part of their family to Springfield Illinois, arriving in April, 1839.[26] Oliver Hillman was born on May 10, 1785 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.[27] On July 23, 1807, in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, Oliver Hillman married Rachel Smith, who was born in Salem County, New Jersey. They had six children in Philadelphia and New Jersey.[28] Oliver and Rachel Hillman had a son, John Smith who was born in Philadelphia on November 29, 1809.[29] John Smith Hillman was married three times in Philadelphia and all his wives and three children died there. John Smith Hillman came to Sangamon County, Illinois, in 1839 or '40, and settled in Cotton Hill Township, east of New City.[30] MAY Marriage of Dr. William S. Wallace and Frances Todd On May 21, 1839, Dr. William Wallace married Frances Todd, the sister of Mary Todd.[31] Arrival of John Jr. and Page Eaton In May 1839, John and Page Eaton traveled from Paris, Edgar County, Illinois to Springfield. Page was born on October 25, 1821, in Concord, New Hampshire, to John Jr. and Mary Cook Eaton.[32] Springer, Rev. Francis Mary (Md.)(46). residence. Mary E. (Md.)(22). school commissioner. Ida T. M. (Ill.)(18). Superintendent of City Public Schools.(Lutheran minister). John G. (Ill.)(16). 1860 C.D.: same. Charles W. (Ill.)(14). 1860 census, p. 143 (Penn.)(50). Francis K. (Ill.)(12). $11,100/$500. Laura L. (Ill.)(10). Came to Springfield in May 1839. Annie G. (Ill.)(2). Power, p. 675: Springer, Rev. Francis, D.D., was born March 19, 1810, at Roxburry, Franklin county, Pa. When a young man, he learned the business of sign and ornamental painting. He received his literary education in Pennsylvania College, and his theological studies were pursued at the Theological Seminary of the Lutheran church, both located at Gettysburg, Pa. He also studied under two distinguished ministers, one at Ostego, and the other at Schohaire, N.Y. He paid his expenses by occasionally working at his trade, and teaching school. he was licensed to preach by the Evangelical Lutheran Synod of Maryland, Oct. 18, 1836, and was ordained by the same body Oct. 17, 1837. He was married April 11, 1837, to Mary Kreigh, at Clear Springs, Washington county, Md. She was born Feb. 28, 1815, in that county. He taught school and preached in that vicinity from October 1836, for about two and a half years. They had one child in Maryland, and moved to Springfield, Illinois, arriving May, 1839, where four children were born. In 1847 he moved to Hillsboro, Ill,. where they had two children, and in 1855 moved back to Springfield, where they had one child. Angle, Here I Have Lived, p. 198: After occasional preaching by itinerant ministers, the Lutherans of the town had organized in 1841 under the leadership of the Rev. Francis Springer. At: Springer, Phillip M. student at Francis Springer's. natural history and collecting drawings and water colors. 1860 census, p. 144 (Ill.)(20). -0- Power, p. 676: Phil. M., born July 15, 1840, in Springfield, is unmarried, and is of the firm of Springer Bros., stock breeders, in the southeast corner of Clear Lake township, Sangamon county. Their address is Springfield. Phil. M. Springer is Treasurer and Assistant Secretary of the American Berkshire Association. Office in Springfield, Ill. 1881 History, p. 718: Reverend Charles Dresser Builds House at Eighth and Jackson Streets In May 1839, John and Page Eaton commenced construction of a residence on the corner of Eighth and Jackson Streets for the Reverend Charles Dresser.[33] If the house was completed prior to August 25 of the following year, Rhoda, his indentured servant, would have lived in this house. Residence of Rev. Charles Dresser Built by John and Page Eaton in 1839[34] (Drawing) Arrival of John H. and Elizabeth Hummell Merriweather and Two Children John H. Merriweather, born on July 2, 1808, in Baltimore County, Maryland, migrated to the vicinity of Springfield, Clark County, Ohio, and married there in 1834 to Elizabeth Hummell. They had two children there, and came to Springfield, arriving in May 1839.[35] Their two children arriving with them were: Elizabeth H., born in 1836 near Springfield, Ohio, and William H., born on April 28, 1838, in Clark County, Ohio. John H. Merriweather was a merchant. GET MORRE LATER JUNE Arrival Of Mary Todd In early June of 1839, Mary Todd, age 25,[36] arrived in Springfield from Lexington, Kentucky, and took up residence with her sister, Elizabeth, age 23, and brother-in-law, Ninian Wirt Edwards, age 30.[37] Springfield would be Mary’s home for the next 22 years. Hepsey, the mulatto servant who was indentured to Edwards in 1835, would have been a part of the Ninian Edwards household at this time. In addition, the 1840 census taken the following year lists one male “Slave”, age 10 to 24, and one Free Colored female, age 10 to 24. The latter may have been Hepsey. Next door in the household of Lawrason Levering, the 1840 census shows that there was one Free Colored male, age 10 to 24. In the autumn of 1839 Mary Todd arrived in Springfield to make her home with her sister, Mrs. Ninian W. Edwards. At about the same time Mercy Levering came on from Baltimore for an extended visit with her brother Lawrason and his family. The Leverings and the Edwardses lived adjacent to each other, and the two girls soon became firm friends.[38] William P. Grimsley Member of Premium Committee of Sangamon County Agricultural Society The June 14, 1839 Journal reported that William P. Grimsley was a member of the premium committee of the Sangamon County Agricultural Society.[39] Meeting Of Sangamon County Colonization Society CommitteeTo Plan July 4th Events On June 14, 1839, a committee of the Sangamon County Colonization Society helped plan the July 4th celebration.[40] FOURTH OF JULY CELEBRATION On Friday, the 14th inst., a meeting was convened at the Court Room, to consider and adopt measures for the celebration of the coming Anniversary of American Independence. Present---... From the Colonization Society--M. Helm, [41] F. A. McNiell,[42] J. C. Doremus, [43] C. Birchall GET INFORMATION ON HIM, B. S. Clement. [44] ...M. Helm, Chairman Benjamin H. Lockwood Sues William H. Wernwag For Work Done on Sangamon River Bridge. On June 20, 1839, Lincoln wrote and filed a declaration on behalf of Benjamin H. Lockwood against William H. Wernwag. Lockwood sought to collect $104.38 for work done on the Sangamon River bridge.[45] City Elections-June 24, 1839 Peleg C. Canedy President of Town Trustees In 1839, Peleg C. Canedy was President of the Town Trustees. Town Trustees The Town Trustees for the year 1839 were: Samuel H. Treat Joseph Whitney Abraham Lincoln Joseph Klein Peleg C. Canedy Philip C. Latham Abraham Lincoln Elected Town Trustee On June 24, 1839, Abraham Lincoln was elected to succeed S. H. Treat on the Town Board.[46] On June 24, 1839, Lincoln was elected a trustee of the town. He served until April 1840, when Springfield began to operate under a new city charter, which he helped to obtain from the Legislature.[47] JULY State Offices Moved To Springfield Although Springfield was designated the state capital on February 28, 1837, the state offices were not moved from Vandalia to Springfield until July of 1839.[48] June 20, 1839, Gov. Thomas Carlin issued a proclamation ordering the state officers to remove from Vandalia to Springfield. The Board of State House Commissioners, he recited, had notified him that suitable rooms were ready. By the terms of the proclamation the removal was to be completed by July 4th.[49] Arrival of Enoch Moore Enoch Moore was born on March 26, 1802 near Waterloo, in what was then St. Clair County but is now Monroe County. He married near Waterloo on September 10, 1833 to Charlotte Sherman, who was born on August 10, 1804, in one of the eastern states. They had three children, two of whom died in infancy: Hester A., born on November 1, 1834. Charlotte Moore died on April 2, 1839 at Vandalia, and Enoch was married near Richmond, Kentucky on March 31, 1845, to Matilda Wakefield, a native of Massachusetts. Enoch Moore lived in Alton a short time after his first marriage, them moved to Vandalia, where he was employed as clerk in the office of the State Treasurer. When the records were removed to Springfield in 1839, he came with them and was engaged principally in the Fund Commissioner’s office, through all the changes of administration. His strict integrity, feigned conscientiousness, humility and consistent christian deportment, was so apparent that no political partisan ever felt justified in displacing him, and he continued to the end of his life in connection with some one of the State offices. His careful methodical business habits led to the detection of the spurious indebtedness issued in the name of the Fund Commissioners, to the amount of hundreds and thousands of dollars, many years after it took place. He also discovered the fraudulent re-issue of canal bonds by Governor Matteson. Enoch Moore will be remembered by all who visited the State House during the thirty-six years he spent there, by his stature. He was but four feet two inches high, yet his body was so fully developed that in a sitting posture he looked quite as large as the average of mankind. His weight was about one hundred and seventy pounds when in ordinary health. The deficiency was in the length of his lower limbs.[50] Arrival of James M. and Sarah C. Sawyer Morse and Family James M. Morse, born on February 4, 1807, in Newburyport, Massachusetts, was married on April 7, 1831, in West Newbury to Sarah C. Sawyer, who was born there, on November 25, 1807. They moved in 1831 to Vandalia, Illinois where they had three children. Mr. Morse was employed in the office of the Secretary of State, and when the State government was removed to Springfield in July 1839, he came with it. When the seat of government was moved from Vandalia to Springfield, James M. Morse came with A. P. Fields, Secretary of State, in whose department he was employed. They were accompanied by Levi Davis, Auditor of Public Accounts, with his clerk, William S. Prentice, John D. Whitesides, State Treasurer, and Enoch Moore, his clerk; William Walter, Public Printer, and Charles H. Lanphier, his assistant.[51] July 4th Celebration On July 4, 1839, there was a Fourth of July parade, of which Lincoln was assistant marshal, ending at the State House where James C. Conkling delivered a speech. At noon 100 gathered at the Globe Tavern for dinner. Dr. E. H. Meryman, Simeon Francis, Dr. F. A. McNeil, Milton Hay, Edward D. Baker and others gave toasts.[52] Benjamin Talbott toast Athens Jy. 4 celeb, Jy. 12/39-2:6; Meeting of Town Board On July 11, 1839, the Town Board met and Abraham Lincoln and Peleg C. Canedy were appointed as a committee to report on the proper width of side walks on Fourth Street.[53] Arrival of Rev. William Swain Prentice William Swain Prentice, born on May 21, 1819, in St. Clair County, Illinois, moved with his father to Hillsboro in 1827, and in 1829 to Shelby County, Illinois. In 1836 his brother, Col. Charles Prentice, who was Register of the Land Office at Vandalia, employed him. After the death of his brother Charles in 1837, he was employed as chief clerk in the office of the Auditor of Public Accounts, and removed with the seat of government of the State of Illinois from Vandalia to Springfield, in 1839.[54] AUGUST August 5, 1839 Elections On August 5, 1839, elections were held for probate judge, treasurer, surveyor, county clerk and county commissioner. Abraham Lincoln voted for the Whig ticket: A. L. Wilson against James Adams for probate judge, James M. Bradford for treasurer, Thomas M. Neale for Surveyor, Charles R. Matheny for county clerk, and William G. Cantrall for county commissioner. All were elected but Wilson and Cantrall.[55] Philo Beers Defeated in Election for Recorder of Deeds The August 9, 1839 Journal reported that Philo Beers had been defeated in the election for Sangamon County Recorder of Deeds.[56] Dr. D. C. Gooden’s Advertisement: Register, August 10,1839[57] Dr. F. A. McNeil and M. Helm’s Advertisement: Register, August 10,1839[58] Arrival of Isaac C. and Mercy Coburn Bancroft and Son Isaac Bancroft, born April 29, 1776, near Boston, Massachusetts, and Mercy Coburn, born March 12, 1781, in Massachusetts, arrived in Springfield on August 10, 1839. They were married on March 5, 1799, and had two children in Massachusetts. They moved to St. Lawrence County, New York, where they had ten children.[59] Their son, Timothy, born on February 26, 1819, in St. Lawrence County, New York, came with them. Daniel ragsdale’s Advertisement for Boarding House: Register, October 28, 1839[60] Fifty Dollar Reward For Runaway Slave: Register, August 10,1839[61] SEPTEMBER Death Of Benjamin Lundy The September 6, 1839 edition of the Register reported the following: DIED--In Hennepin, in this State, a few days since, Mr. BENJAMIN LUNDY, the well known editor of a late publication called “The Genius of Universal Emancipation.[62] Philo Beers Delegate to Whig State Convention The September 20, 1839 Journal reported that Philo Beers was a delegate to the Whig State Convention.[63] A. Lindsay & Brother’s Advertisement: Register, September 28, 1839[64] The Springfield Academy Opens in Two-Story Brick Building on South Fourth Street By the 28th of September in 1839, (The Springfield Academy) opened in a new two-story brick building on South Fourth Street where boys could receive an outstanding high school education.[65] Springfield Academy’s Advertisement: Register, October 28, 1839[66] Daniel ragsdale’s Advertisement for Boarding House: Register, October 28, 1839[67] Birth of David W. Harrower On September 29, 1839, William and Janette Blacklock Harrower had a son, David W.[68] Simpson, Samuel P. (C.)(M.A.) Edwin (N.J.)(24). residence. Carpenter carpenter. $800/0. 1855-56 C.D.: near College Elizabeth (N.J.)(22). 1860 C.D.: Charles H. & Edwin-71 Jackson, C. H. (m)(Ill.)(19). between Spring & College. Agusta (f)(Ill.)(14). 1860 census, p. 504 (N.J.)(54). 0/$100. Came to Sangamon county in the fall of 1839. 1881 History, p. 720: Soon after coming to Springfield, he (James C. Sutton) entered into partnership with a brother-in-law, Samuel Simpson, and began building by contract; and as no money was to be had for work, they made some novel trades. On one occasion they received as pay a lot of rolls from the carding machine; on another a $25 clock and one hundred head of geese. OCTOBER Presidential Campaign Begins In IllinoisState Conventions Held In Springfield Although the candidates - William Henry Harrison and Martin van Buren - were not yet nominated, the campaign began in Illinois in October, 1839, when both parties held their state conventions in Springfield. From the beginning, orgies of speech-making characterized it. One of the first took place in mid-November in the court room at Springfield. Cyrus Walker of Macomb, a Whig elector, started off in the afternoon, and Douglas for the Democrats followed. Lincoln, another electoral candidate, spoke in the evening. The next night, Douglas spoke again, and Lincoln followed. On the third evening Edmund Wiley held forth for the Democrats and E.D. Baker concluded for the Whigs.[69] Daniel ragsdale’s Advertisement for Boarding House: Register, October 28, 1839[70] Birth of Harriet S. Way On October 7, 1839, John and Ann St Clair Way had a daughter, Harriet S.[71] Daniel ragsdale’s Advertisement for Boarding House: Register, October 28, 1839[72] Dr. James R. Gray Elected Manager of Sangamon County Colonization Society The October 18, 1839 Journal reported that Dr. James R. Gray had been elected Manager of the Sangamon County Colonization Society.[73] Journal, chmn. Spfd. Citz mtg., Jy28-2:2; Mordecai Mobley Defendant in Supreme Court For Matheny’s Restoration The October 25, 1839 Journal reports that Mordecai Mobley was a defendant in the Supreme Court suit for Matheny’s restoration as clerk.[74] American House Registrations In one week in October, 158 persons registered at the American House.[75] Register, October 12,1839, p. 3 Daniel ragsdale’s Advertisement for Boarding House: Register, October 28, 1839[76] First Whig State Convention Meets At Springfield On October 7, 1839, the first Whig State Convention met in Springfield. Abraham Lincoln was not a delegate, but was one of its leaders. The day was devoted to the selection of committee and working up enthusiasm for William Henry Harrison as party choice in the coming presidential election.[77] On October 8, 1839, the Whig convention continued until late afternoon. Lincoln was chosen presidential elector with Cyrus Walker, B. S. Morris, Samuel D. Marshall and E. B. Webb. Lincoln was appointed to the state central committee with Dr. A. G. Henry, R. F. Barrett, E. D. Baker, and Joshua F. Speed. “These men…,” commented the Register, “were appointed exclusively with reference to their supposed stumping abilities.”[78] Death of Charles R. Matheny On October 10, 1839, Charles R. Matheny, President of the Board of Trustees of Springfield, died.[79] Town’s Board of Trustees Memorializes Charles R. Matheny On October 14, 1839, the Trustees of the Town of Springfield met and resolved: “That in the death of C. R. Matheny…the town lost an estimable and useful public citizen.”[80] First Annual Meeting Of The Sangamon County Colonization Society At First Methodist Chapel First Methodist Church Chapel In October of 1839, the first annual meeting of the Sangamon County Colonization Society was held at the Methodist Chapel at the southeast corner of Fifth and Monroe Streets.[81] GET INFORMATION ON REV. J.T. MITCHELL--FIRST METHODIST CHURCH RECORDS. COLONIZATION MEETING Proceedings of the first annual meeting of the Sangamon County Colonization Society The Society convened according to notice at the Methodist Chapel, and in the absence of the President, one of the Vice Presidents, Rev. John G. Bergen, took the chair, by whom the meeting was opened with a deeply impressive prayer. John C. Doremus, from the committee previously appointed to prepare the Society’s annual report, then presented the same, which on motion of Maj. J. T. Stuart, was accepted, and the papers of the town requested to publish. The meeting then had the pleasure of listening to as able and eloquent address from the appointed Speaker, Rev. J. T. Mitchell, who presented the following resolution-- “That the benefits which it confers upon the colored race, without injuring the white man, and the blessings which it proposes to dispense to the two Continents in its humane and missionary operations-the cause of African Colonization is worthy of the entire confidence, and the active, unwearied support of the American Patriot, the Philanthropist, and the Christian.” The expressions of the meeting being taken upon this resolution, it was unanimously adopted, and a vote of thanks presented to the speaker for his instructive and animating discourse. Dr. F. A. McNiel presented to the Society the sum of fifty-two dollars as the donation of the ladies of the Methodist Episcopal Church of this town to _____ their pastor, Rev. J. T. Mitchell and Mrs. Mitchell, member of the Society for life. Mr. Mitchell expressed his thankful acknowledgment of this personal compliment, and the Society by unanimous resolutions, “That gratitude for the donation with the hope that the example might be followed by other Churches in the county and elsewhere.” Several annual subscriptions were then paid __, and a number of names added to the list of the annual subscription of ten dollars for ten years. The following gentlemen were elected officers for the ensuing year: Rev. CHARLES DRESSER, President, Rev. J. T. MITCHELL, Vice President Rev. JOHN G. BERGEN, Dr. JOHN TODD, Hon. JOHN T. STUART, EDMUND ROBERTS, Esq.,[82] JOHN WILLIAMS, Treasurer, JOHN C. DOREMUS, Secretary, Dr. F. A. McNiel, Dr. J. R. Gray,[83] Dr. M. Helm, Hon. S. H. Treat, Thos. Moffett, Esq., Birchall B. S. Clement, W. T. Bennett,[84] On motion of Judge Treat, it was ordered that the papers be respectfully requested to publish the minutes of this meeting. The Society then adjourned to meet upon the 22nd of February next. Jno. C. DOREMUS, Sec’ry. The Society now numbers about 150 members--twenty of whom pay an annual donation of ten dollars each--so that the annual sum of 350 dollars is contributed by the Society; a sum that will annually transport and settle in Africa twelve emancipated slaves. A practical result of benevolence and redemption, which the many hundred abolition societies throughout the land, have never yet, and never will be able to accomplish. It is respectfully requested of those who have not yet paid their subscriptions, to hand them over to Mr. John Williams, the Treasurer--as opportunity of sending funds to the parent Association at Washington city, will soon offer. Donations and subscriptions will also be received by any officers of the society. By order, JNO. C. DOREMUS, Sec’ry. Road Networks in Illinois, 1839[85] Ohio Editor Writes of Springfield Ohio editor who wrote with such glowing enthusiasm that one is inclined to suspect him of an investment in Springfield real estate. At any rate, this is what he recorded after a visit in the early autumn of 1839. Springfield lies on the edge of a large prairie. On the left, as you enter the village from the South, is a delightful grove, where the rills are more lively, and the ground more undulating than usual. . . . Approaching the southern part of the town, you leave a great sweep of verdant landscape behind you, and behold almost as great a natural meadow to your right. No one can conceive the grandeur and beauty of the scenery, unless he has wandered through a prairie country, at a season when an immense carpet, spangled with very bright yellow and vermilion flowers, and fringed along the line of the horizon with a darker timber, is spread over a very gracefully rolling surface, beneath a vast sky half covered with lowering clouds painted by the sun, and the other half as serene and clear as if no vapor had ever stained its azure. But in the suburbs of Springfield there is a paradise in miniature, which compensates for the loss of the boundless prospect left behind. Small clusters of infant trees, which nature has planted with all the regularity, and more than the taste of art, rise like bowers of romance to hedge in the village with beauty. They extend, like arms from the main grove, not continuously, but like a chain of islands, gradually diminishing in size, and sheltering from a powerful noonday sun, the softly chiming rivulets. Here the man of leisure comes to steal pleasant thoughts from the cool shade, and the man of business for a while gives his care to the refreshing breezes that always carry on a rapid commerce over the heated plains. On Sunday the shady retirements are thronged with visitors in fine broadcloth, who find a place’ most inviting to contemplation. Passing them reluctantly, you glance forward at the throng of stores, taverns, and shops, some wearing their titles on their fronts, some on long arms projecting from their sides, and some in the usual style of tavern signs, beneath the picture of a bird or beast, on a black board swinging from a miniature gallows. Before reaching the centre of business, you behold to your right an agreeable assemblage of dwelling houses very neatly painted, most of them white, and situated somewhat retiringly behind tasteful front yards. To the left, at a distance, are seen more showy edifiCeS,2 the principal expense of which seems to have been their decoration, standing rather proudly apart from the throng of neat but humble mansions. Passing a modest-looking meetinghouse, (The Methodist church, then at 5th and Monroe Streets.) which speaks more for the simple piety of the inhabitants, than the ostentatious taste of the citizens, you now approach an area fenced from the street by a long stone-cutter’s shop, eloquent with the music of scores of pick axes, shaping the rudiments of the new State House.... Turning to the east you see the comfortable buildings, apparently young and certainly tasteful, gradually dwindling in size and be- coming more scattered until the town melts away into the level monotonous plain. Several miles across the prairie is seen another grove, and along its margin clever farmhouses are strung in quite a picturesque manner. Toward these centres of rural felicity, narrow black paths wind through the desolate green. Along this edge of the town runs the Central Railroad, 4 now under contract. Follow this, in a northerly direction a short distance and then turn to the left, and new clusters of neat little dwellings attract your attentions many of them labelled as the residences of dealers in pills and legal advice. Towards the grove, the town assumes a more consolidated and antiquated appearance. Here is seen the rarest of all landscapes; crowded squares alive with shrubbery and tasteful ornaments, decorating alike the little remnant of twenty years ago, and costly edifices of last year. Every house is separated from the street by a neat front yard, and from its neighbor by a clean little garden; roses greet the visitor with a blush as he enters the gate, and pushing the door, he finds himself under a bower of honeysuckles.11 Old shackly buildings are concentrated as the temples of Flora. The sun of contentment and happiness seems to shine on all, and gives the abodes of simple elegance a charm to which mere magnificence must be a stranger [86] ‘The author was probably describing the grove which stood where the Governor’s Mansion is now located. ‘Probably the homes of Ninian W. Edwards, Lawrason Levering, and others at the south end of the present State House grounds. ‘On the right of way of the present-day Wabash. ‘Jefferson Street. Arrival of Cornelius and Rebecca Brown Groesbeck and Family Cornelius and Rebecca Brown Groesbeck[87] moved to Springfield on October 25, 1839. Cornelius, was born on March 1, 1817, in Renssellaer County, New York. He was there married, February 14, 1838, to Rebecca Brown, who was born January 13, 1817, in New York also.[88]. Register, October 28, 1839, p. 3 Daniel ragsdale’s Advertisement for Boarding House: Register, October 28, 1839[89] Daniel ragsdale’s Advertisement for Boarding House: Register, October 28, 1839[90] Daniel ragsdale’s Advertisement for Boarding House: Register, October 28, 1839[91] Birth of Sarah E. Amos Joshua F. and Julia A. Hay Amos had a daughter, Sarah E., on October 30, 1839.[92] Marriage of Virgil Hickox and Catherine Cabiness In October 1839, Virgil Hickox married Catherine Cabiness, a native of Kentucky.[93] Virgil Hickox Builds House at Sixth and Market In 1839, Virgil Hickox built the first part of the house at southwest corner of Sixth and Market (Capitol) Streets.[94] Virgil Hickox brought his wife to this house after their marriage.[95] Virgil Hickox Residence at Sixth and Market Streets NOVEMBER Birth of Cynthia J. Armstrong Hugh M. and Lavinia M. Dryer Armstrong had a daughter, Cynthia J., on November 1, 1839. John T. Stuart Leaves For Congress On November 2, 1839, John T. Stuart left Springfield to take his seat in Congress. Lincoln entered in the firm’s fee book, “Commencement of Lincoln’s Administration.”[96] George Gregory’s Advertisement for Oxen Shoeing: Register, Marriage of Chloe E. Abel and John Armstrong On November 14, 1839, 27-year-old Chloe E. Abel, the daughter of Roswell and Betsy Mason Abel, married John Armstrong.[97] Special Election To Replace Charles R. Matheny as County Clerk On November 16, 1839, an election was held to fill the unexpired term of Charles R. Matheny, county clerk. Lincoln voted for Noah W. Matheny, who was elected over Edmund Taylor, 966 to 653.[98] Arrival Of Albert Hale,Minister Of Second Presbyterian Church In the summer of 1839, the congregation invited Rev. Albert Hale to become its pastor. He accepted the invitation, and preached his first regular sermon here on the 15th of November following. He was installed on the first day of July, 1840, and remained as pastor until January, 1867, a period of twenty-seven years.[99] Rev. Albert Hale was born in November 1799 in Connecticut, graduated from Yale College in 1827 and later as a Missionary traveled on horseback through South Carolina and Georgia preaching Christ by the wayside to fellow travelers and in the homes where he was entertained, and where he found he could make an opportunity. He afterwards returned to the Theological Seminary in New Haven and finished his course there in 1831. While in Seminary he was one of the band of students who formed what is historically known as the Illinois Movement, and who devoted themselves to christian labor in that State. In November 1831 he landed at Shawneetown where he preached... Having accepted a call from the Second Church of Springfield he entered upon his work there in November 1839. At the time Mr. Hale was in full vigor of young manhood. He was strong in body, vigorous in mind and possessed of wonderful energy. It is said in the days of his prime and power, the men impressed by his appearance often stopped to look at him and ask who he was.[100] In the summer of 1839, the congregation invited Rev. Albert Hale to become its pastor. He accepted the invitation, and preached his first regular sermon here on the 15th of November following. He was installed on the first day of July, 1840, and remained as pastor until January, 1867, a period of twenty-seven years. His pastorate was a pleasant and profitable one to the congregation, land he only resigned on account of increasing age, believing that a younger than he might minister more acceptably.[101] Week of Political Debates On November 19, 1839, a week of political debate began. Cyrus Walker led off for the Whigs and Douglas replied. Lincoln closed the debate. The Register termed it a plot of “two pluck one,” and accused Lincoln of an assumed clownishness he is advised to correct.[102] On November 23, 1839, John Calhoun for the Democrats and Edward D. Baker for the Whigs continued the debate. On November 30, 1839, the debates continued with Douglas discussing a national bank. Lincoln replied, beginning, says the Register with embarrassment and continuing without making the slightest impression. “Mr. L. of Wednesday night was not the L. of Tuesday.”[103] Special Election For Legislative Seat of John Calhoun On November 25, 1839, a special election to fill the vacancy caused by John Calhoun’s resignation from the legislature was held. The vote was close in the district that includes Sangamon, Logan, Menard, and Dane Counties. Thomas J. Nance won by 36 votes.[104] DECEMBER Legislature’s First Meeting in Springfield On December 9, 1839, the Legislature met in Springfield for the first time. The House sat at the Second Presbyterian Church. Oscar Love and Richard Kerr of Pike contested the seat. When the legislature convened in early December the town was so crowded that many of the visitors had difficulty in finding accommodations.[105] American House Accommodates Legislators When the legislature met for the first time in Springfield, in December 1839, the well-to-do members took up their residence in the American House recently completed at the southeast corner of the square. It was a three-story brick structure. Its forty rooms, large lobby and elegant dining room gave foundation to its claim of being the finest hotel in the west. For more than a decade this building was a center of social and political life in Springfield. Lincoln was one of the managers of a cotillion given here for members of the legislature. President Martin Van Buren and Vice President Richard M. Johnson were among the notables who stopped at the American.[106] American House Birth of Charles H. Watson . On December 11, 1839, William M. and Sarah Talbott had a son, Charles H.[107] Birth of Albert S. Edwards . On December 16, 1839 Ninian W. and Elizabeth P. Todd Edwards had a son, Albert S.[108] Birth of Julia R. Cook . On December 16, 1839 Eli and Sarah Jones Cook had a daughter, Julia R.[109] Bill to Incorporate Springfield Mechanics Union On December 19, 1839, Lincoln reported from committee a bill to incorporate the Springfield Mechanics Union.[110] Collected Works: v. I, p. 158: Amendment Introduced in Illinois Legislature to Bill Incorporating the Springfield Mechanic's Union (December 19, 1839) Amend the bill by filling the blank in the first section with "Caleb Burchall (Birchall?), Thomas Lewis, Edmund R. Wiley, William D. Herndon, Simeon Francis, George R. Weber, Walter Davis, George Wood, and R F Coflin Town Board Sets License Fee For Smaller Groceries On December 24, 1839, at a meeting of the Town Board, Lincoln and the other trustees decided to license smaller groceries for $25 for a two-month period.[111] Arrival of Albert Taylor Bledsoe . Albert Taylor Bledsoe, born in Frankfort, Kentucky, on November 9, 1808, was the eldest of five children of Sophia Childress Taylor of Franklin County, Virginia, and Moses Owsley Bledsoe of Madison County, Kentucky. The family moved to Carrollton, Illinois in July of 1825. Albert attended West Point, studied law, studied theology at Kenyon College. Albert joined his father and mother in Carrollton in July 1839, where he began the practice of law, but moved to Springfield in December.[112] Arrival of Mrs. Benjamin S. Edwards The experience of Mrs. B. S. (Helen K. Dodge) Edwards, who came to Springfield in the winter of 1839-40 as a bride, was typical. As the stage on which she and her husband had traveled from St. Louis lumbered slowly through the mud of the unlighted streets, she could think only of the forbidding aspect of her new home, and her heart was heavy at the prospect. At the American House a number of passengers were discharged. Then the driver headed for the home of her husband’s brother Ninian, where the young couple was to stay. Within all was bright, cheerful and hospitable. In less than a week Mrs. Edwards was in the swing of a “legislative winters’ and her forebodings were forgotten.[113] Mrs. Edwards was born in old Kaskaskia in 1819, the daughter of Col. Henry S. Dodge. … Although Mrs. Edwards was born in Kaskaskia, her father took his family back to New York when she was quite young and she was educated in that city and in New Haven, Conn., to which place the family removed that the sons might attend Yale University. There she met Benjamin Stephenson Edwards, who was a student at the university, and she was married to him on the 13th day of August, 1839. The young married couple came to Springfield and for a short time, while their own house was being built, made their home at the hospitable house of Ninian Wirt Edwards, the brother of the young husband.[114] UNKNOWN MONTHS Arrival of Milton H. Wash Milton H. Wash, born on March 16, 1819, in Todd County, Kentucky, came to Springfield in 1839.[115] GET MORE FOR LATER YEARS Arrival of John H. Mowry John H. Mowry, born on February 26, 1829, in Charleston, South Carolina, accompanied his father to Chicago in 1836, came to Springfield in 1839. He learned the carpenter’s trade.[116] GET MORE FOR LATER YEARS Arrival of Marcus Millington Marcus Millington, born on March 14, 1801, in Millington Spring, New York, accompanied his father to Ohio, and was married June 3, 1827, at Worthington to Jane Justice, a native of that State. They had two children there, and came with his father to Sangamon County, Illinois arriving October 1839, and stopping for a short time at Mazeppa, in Cotton Hill Township where one child was born. He soon after moved into Springfield.[117] Arrival of Mercy Leavering During the winter of 1839-40, Lawrason Leavering’s sister, Mercy, lived with the Leavering’s. Mercy quickly became an intimate of her young neighbor from Kentucky, Mary Todd.[118] Residence of Lawrason Levering Arrival of Rev. Francis and Mary Kreigh Springer The Reverend Francis Springer and his wife, Mary Kriegh, arrived in Springfield in 1839. Springer was born in Franklin County, Pennsylvania in 1810, and was orphaned at the age of five and indentured to a sign-painter and carriage maker. Springer was taken under the wing of a Lutheran minister, who, recognizing the young man’s potential, sent him to Gettysburg Theological Seminary, where Springer studied for the ministry. Springer received a bachelor’s degree from Gettysburg College and a theological certificate from Hartwick Seminary in Onneoka, New York.[119] Arrival of John G. Ives John G. Ives, born in Oneida County, New York, in 1818, came to Springfield in 1839. He learned the jeweler's and watchmaker's trade in New York State, and worked at the bench there, and after coming to Springfield, until 1855.[120] Marriage of William Lavely and Lavinia Constant William Lavely married Lavinia Constant in 1839. Birth of Varveel Fleurville William and Phoebe Fleurville had their fourth child, Varveel, who was born in Springfield on _________ __, 1839. Band Reorganized by Jack Hough A band was formed in the thirties, and reorganized in 1839 under the direction of Jack Hough, the cabinetmaker.[121] Town’s First Sewer In excavating for the Adams street sewer, the workmen have exhumed a couple of interesting relics of the olden time. About midway on the south side of the square may be seen a specimen of the first sewer of the town, built over twenty years ago, consisting of two heavy pieces of timber laid parallel on the ground, the top covered with boards. A few feet from it was found a number of good sized logs, which once formed a regular old fashioned "corduroy bridge" over which the first settlers crossed the "slough" that traversed through what is now known as the south side of the square, one of the great business thorough­fares of the city.[122] Construction of Second Presbyterian Church In 1839, the Second Presbyterian Church began construction of a brick building at the northwest corner of Fourth and Monroe Streets, a little north of the intersection, and finished the building in 1840.[123] Its cost was in the neighborhood of $12,000. Second Presbyterian Church, Springfield, Illinois: construrcted in 1839 First Methodist Church Builds Fences and Inventories Parsonage Property .As both the church and the parsonage were on the two lots given by Mr. Enos, the trustees felt that a cross fence should be put up between them. The next year further improvements were authorized. These were: first, to extend the fence to enclose all of the church ground; second, to make a division fence between the church and the parsonage; third, to have a wide gate in front of each one; fourth, to cut off a small lot for the preacher’s cow; and fifth, to lay board walks to the gates from the church and from the parsonage. The total cost was about $117.00.[124] The parsonage furniture belonged to the church, and the secretary was directed to take an inventory of it. 1 breakfast table 2 small tea buckets 2 doz. Chairs 1 bookcase 1 toilet glass 1 crib 1 small table 1 bedsteads 1 pair brass andirons 1 high chair 1 pair brass shovel & tongs 1 high chair 2 flour barrels 1 coffee mill 1 pair andirons 1 small oven & lid 1 coffee boiler 1 pair hooks 1 bureau 1 safe 1 stone jug 2 tubs 1 stew kettle hooks for crane 1 skillet 1 large rocking chair[125] E. G. Johns Sells House at Eighth and Market to Illinois Board of Public Works In 1839, E. G. Johns sold his house at the northwest corner of Eighth and Market (now Capitol) Streets to the Illinois Board of Public Works. As described in the 1840 Reports of the Board of Public Works, the building 18 by 42 feet, had two stories and stood on a lot that was 80 by 157 feet. From 1839 to 1843 the building was used as the office of the board and also as the residence of the board secretary, William Prentiss.[126] Estate Of Nathan Cromwell vs. David Bailey,Lawsuit Involving Nance, A Colored Woman[127] In 1839 the administrators of the Estate of Nathan Cromwell brought suit in the Circuit Court of Tazwell County against David Bailey upon his promissory note made to Cromwell, in his lifetime, for the purchase of a Black girl named Nance. Judge Stephen T. Logan represented Cromwell’s estate and Abraham Lincoln represented Bailey. The trial judge entered judgment upon the note in favor of the plaintiff for $431.97. Bailey appealed the case to the Illinois Supreme Court, where it was contended that the note was without consideration and void, as it was given as the purchase price of a human being who, the evidence showed, was free and therefore not the subject of sale. Writing for the Supreme Court, Judge Breese reversed the trial court and held, contrary to the established rule in many of the southern states, that the presumption in Illinois was that a Black was free and not the subject of sale.[128] Under the old rule, the burden was upon the Black to establish that he was free, and the Black who asserted he was not a slave was required to bring forward his proof, which he often could not do.[129] Could this be Nance Cox who was sold in 1827 as a part of the liquidation of Thomas Cox’s debts? But she was sold to Mr. Taylor, not to Mr. Cromwell. Perhaps Taylor subsequently sold her to Cromwell. Preamble and Constitution of Springfield Anti-Slavery Society There are three “drafts” or versions of the Constitution of the Springfield Anti-Slavery Society. One is unsigned. Two are signed, the first being signed by 29 subscribers and the second being signed by 10 subscribers. The first version containing 29 signatures is as follows: Preamble Whereas the Most High God hath made of our Blood all nations of Man to dwell on the face of the Earth and hath commanded them to love their neighbor as themselves and whereas our National existence is based on this principle as recognized in the Declaration of Independence That all men are created equal and that they are endowed by their Creator with certain inalienable rights, among which are life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness, and whereas nearly one sixth part of our nation are held in bondage by their fellow men contrary to the principals of national justice of our republican government and the Christian Religion and whereas we owe it to God to our Country our neighbor and ourselves to do all in our power to relieve the oppressive and to maintain those principles of liberty and equality which we have avowed as the basis of our civil institutions before God and the world. Therefore we do hereby agree to form ourselves into a Society to be governed by the following constitution Article 1st This Society shall be called the Springfield Anti-slavery Society subsidiary to the Sangamon County Antislavery Society. Article 2nd The object of this Society Shall be to disseminate light on the subject of Slavery compare it with the word of God & endeavor to pursuade our fellow man to use all appropriate means to secure the entire abandonment in the world. Article 3rd. Any person who consents to the principles ;of this Society may become a member by subscribing this constitution. Article 4th The officers of this Society shall be a President, Vice President, Secretary and Treasurer who with two others shall constitute a Board of Managers to be chosen annually. Article 5th The Board of Managers shall make arrangements for all Meetings of the Society see that suitable addresses are delivered, adopt the most energetic measures to advance the objects of the Society and make an annual written report of their doings of their income & expenditures of the Society. Article 6th The President shall preside at all Meetings of the Society or in case of his absence the Vice Pres’ or some other person for the time being. The Secretary shall keep a full record of all the proceedings as the Society shall direct. The Treasurer shall keep all monies of the Society collect and pay out as directed by the Society and make an annual report of his doings. Article 7th The Society shall meet quarterly at such time and place as the Board of Managers shall direct and one of these Meetings shall be called the annual meeting at which time the officers shall be chosen. Article 8th This constitution may be altered at any meeting of the Society by a vote of two thirds of the Members present. Provided always that the proposed amendment be mentioned at the preceding meeting. Erastus Wright Betsy Abel Roswell Abel Chloe E. Abel Oswald Hempstede Sophia L. Phelps John G. Paine Mary A. Phelps G. L. Strickland Susan P. Zimmerman Joseph Torrey Abagail S. Torrey Rich d Morgan Catharine Wiley C. B. Spear (?) Louisa Arnold Robert D. Cannon Wm Rogers Edmund R. Wiley Elizabeth Gillis Jonathan C. Bancroft Isaac Bancroft Jun. O. B. Culver John Morse Jr. Henry S. Freewin George Strickland Hector M. Sheldon James L. Lamb _____ Abel A partial draft, going only through Article 3rd and containing no signatures, is as follows: Preamble Whereas the Most High God hath made of our Blood all nations of Men to dwell on the face of the Earth and hath commanded them to love their neighbors as themselves, “And whereas our National existence is based on this Principle as recognized in the declaration of Independence that “all men are created equal and that they are endowed by their Creator with certain inalienable rights, among which are life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness, And whereas about one sixth part of this Nation are held in bondage by their fellow men, And whereas we believe slavery to be inconsistent with the principals of natural justice and the Christian Religion and to be destructive to the liberty, Peace and prosperity of the Country where it exists. And whereas we believe we owe it to the oppressor as well as to the oppressed. To Posterity; to our Country & our God to do all in our Power to bring about the extinction of Slavery we do hereby agree (with prayerful reliance on the Divine aid) to form ourselves in a Society to be governed by the following: Constitution Article 1st This Society shall be called the Sangamon County Anti-Slavery Auxiliary to the State/Society. Article 2nd The objects of this Society shall be to ______ and rectify Public Sentiment on the subject Slavery and by the use of all judicious & appropriate to secure its entire abandonment in the United States. And as we believe that all Sin and transgressions should be immediately abandoned, So we conceive it is the duty of all to act with Christian ____ in a constitutional way for the removal of this far ___ evil of Slavery. By encouraging the intellectual & religious improvement of the People of color and ___ to remove that ___ prejudice which has so long ____ against them. (The bold has been stricken.) Article 3rd. Any person may become a member of this Society subscribing ________ who consents to the principles of this Constitution _______________ The second version containing 10 signatures is as follows: Preamble Whereas the Most High God hath made of our Blood all nations of Men to dwell on the face of the Earth and hath commanded them to love their neighbors as themselves, “And whereas our National existence is based on this Principle as recognized in the declaration of Independence that “all men are created equal and that they are endowed by their Creator with certain inalienable rights, among which are life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness, And whereas about one sixth part of this Nation are held in bondage by their fellow men, And whereas we believe slavery to be inconsistent with the principals of natural justice and the Christian Religion and to be destructive to the liberty, Peace and prosperity of the Country where it exists. And whereas we believe we owe it to the oppressor as well as to the oppressed. To Posterity; to our Country & our God to do all in our Power to bring about the extinction of Slavery we do hereby agree (with praerful reliance on the Devine aid) to form ourselves in a Society to be governed by the following: Constitution Article 1st This Society shall be called the Sangamon County Anti-Slavery Auxiliary to the State/Society. Article 2nd The object of this Society is to enlighten to rectify public sentiment on the subject Slavery & to convince our fellow citizens by arguments addressed to their understandings & conscience that the system of Slavery is a great sin in the sight of God, & that the duty, safety & best interests of all concerned requires its immediate abandonment. The Society will also endeavor , in a constitutional way, to influence Congress to put an end to the domestic slave trade, & to abolish slavery in the District of Columbia. Article 3rd. This Society shall aim to elevate the character & condition of the people of color, by encouraging their intellectual & religious improvement & by remaining prejudice, that according to intellectual & moral ___, they may share an equality with the whites of civil & religious privileges; but this society will not countenance the oppressed in vindicating their rights by physical force. Art 4th The officers of this Society shall be a President, Vice President, Secretary and Treasurer & Board of Managers to consist of the aforesaid officers and other members of whom shall constitute a quorum to do business. Article 5th The Board of Managers shall have Power to call Meetings fill any vacancies in the Board appoint Delegates and in general to have the Supervision and management of the Society *Art 6th The President shall preside at all Meetings and in his absence one of the Vice Pres. or a member _____ time. The Secretaries & Treasurer shall perform the appropriate duties of their office and make a report annually to the Society. Article 7th This Constitution may be amended at any regular Meeting by a vote of two thirds Members present Provided the said proposed amendment has been made known at a preceding meeting. Article 6 We officers of this Society shall perform the duties usually belonging to their respective offices. W. T. Allan E. Wright Edmund R. Wiley James L. Lamb Joseph Torrey Roswell Abel C. C. Phelps Hector M. Sheldon John G. Paine Thomas Galt [1] Power, p. 631-632. [2] Day By Day, p. 101. Alton Telegraph, January 19, 1839. [3] Campbell, p. 50. [4] Angle, p. 73 [5] Temple, Capitol, p. 8. [6] Illinois State Historical Library, Newspaper Division: a few issues for this period are on microfilm. [7] See “Resolution of Presbytery of Sangamon”-1838 at page __. [8] See “Arrival of Abolitionist at Farmingdale”-1833 at page ___. [9] Power, p. 102. [10] Power, pp. 20-21. [11] Angle, p. 200. [12] 1881 History, p. 687. [13] Journal, March. 30, 1839, p. 3, cl. 6. [14] Day By Day, p. 108. [15] Journal, March 23, 1839, p. 2, cl. 7. [16] Power, p. 230. [17] Journal, March 30, 1839, p. 3, cl. 6. [18] Power, p. 769 [19] Temple, Capitol, p. 12. [20] Journal, April 5, 1839, p. 3, cl. 4. [21] Journal, April 12, 1839, p. 3, cl. 4. [22] Home, pp. 3 and 7. [23] Journal, April 26, 1839, p. 3, cl. 5. [24] Power, p. 633. R. F. Ruth was a member of the firm of Ruth & Hurst, dry goods merchants, fifty years, terminating in 1875. He served one term as alderman, and four years as Water Works Commissioner. In 1868 he became president of the Marine and Fire Insurance Company Bank, and now - 1876 - occupies the same position, and resides in Springfield, Illinois. [25] Journal, April 19, 1839, p. 3, cl. 1. [26] Powers, p. __. [27] Power, History of Early Settlers of Sangamon County, Illinois, p. __. [28] Power, pp. 379-380. [29] Powers, p. __ [30] Power, p.__. [31] Day By Day, p. 110. [32] By Square and Compasses, pp. 6-7. [33] By Square and Compasses, pp. 3 and 7. On January 16, 1844, Abraham Lincoln purchased this house and the Lincoln family took possession of the home in April of that year [34] Journal of the Illinois State Historical Society, XLVIII, p. 14. [35] Power, p. 519. [36] Born on December 13, 1818 in Lexington, Kentucky. [37] Baker, p. 79. Mary Lincoln, Wife and Widow, Carl Sandburg and Paul M. Angle, (Letters, Documents & Appendix), Harcourt, Brace and Company, New York, 1932, p. 164. Lincoln Encyclopedia, p. 95. [38] Mary Lincoln, Wife and Widow, Carl Sandburg and Paul M. Angle, (Letters, Documents & Appendix), Harcourt, Brace and Company, New York, 1932, p. 164. [39] Journal, June 14, 1839, p. 2, cl. 2. [40] Journal, June 28, 1839, p. 2, cl. 1. [41] 1881 History, pp. 255 and 1048. [42] Power, pp. 509-510 Francis A. McNeill, born January 1, 1809, in Allegheny county, Md. He was baptized in infancy by Rev. Francis Asbury, the first Bishop of the M. E. Church in America. He was converted in early life, and at twenty years of age was in the ministry and stationed at Frederick City, Md. His health failing, he commenced the study of medicine, and in 1824 graduated at the University of Maryland, in Baltimore, and located at Shepherdstown, Va. Hew was married Feb. 1, 1830 in Frederick City, Md., to Mary E. Cronise, who was born there, March 4, 1812. Dr. McNeill and wife moved from Shepherdstown, Va., to Springfield, ill., in the spring of 1835. He practiced medicine in Springfield twelve years, and at the same time retained his ministerial connection. In 1847 Dr. McNeill moved to Peoria, and became pastor of the Methodist church at that place. From there he was appointed to Racine, Wisconsin, and from there to Mr. Morris, Ogle county, Ill., October 1852. His labors in the ministry had again impaired his health, and at Mr. Morris he resumed the practice of Medicine. Dr. McNeill had ten children, five of whom died young... Rev. Francis A. McNeill, M.D., died Feb. 3, 1872, at Mr. Morris, Ogle county, Ill.,... In addition to the labors of two professions, he found time to devote to political matters. Having from childhood witnessed the pernicious influence of slavery, he very early in life became an opponent of its extension. It was partly to avoid its influence that he moved West. While practicing medicine in Springfield, he took an active part in the politics of the day. As a public speaker, he advocated the election of Harrison for President in 1840, and in 1844 was a delegate to the convention that nominated Clay for President. He was one of the delegates from Ogle county to the convention that assembled in Bloomington in 1856, which gave birth to the Republican party. Being a warm friend of Mr. Lincoln, while living in Springfield, when the latter became a candidate for President, he had not a more ardent supporter than Dr. McNeill. Before the convention assembled that nominated Mr. Lincoln, Dr. McNeill was editing a paper at Mount Morris, and was among the first to hoist the name of Abraham Lincoln for President. In 1860 he was elected Representative from Ogle county, for two years, in the State Legislature; and was, consequently, in that body when the rebellion broke out. He was appointed Oct. 12, 1861, by Governor Yates, army surgeon, and was with the 34th Ill. Inf. About six months, when he resigned on account of impaired health. He was commissioned July 18, 1862, hospital chaplain, and assigned to the post at Paducah, Ky., where he remained until 1864, when he was transferred to Louisville, as chaplain of the post there. He resigned August, 1865, returned home, and resumed the practice of medicine, which he continued until stricken down with paralysis, which, after a year’s suffering, terminated in death... 1881 History, pp. 185 and 255. [43] John C. Doremus: 1881 History, pp. 84 and 98. [44] 1881 History, p. 287. [45] Day By Day, p. 112. [46] Minutes of Town Board. Day By Day, p. 113. [47] Abraham Lincoln, Benjamin P. Thomas, Alfred A. Knopf, New York, 1952. [48] Capitol, Temple, p. __. [49] Angle, p. 83 [50] Power, p. 528. [51] Power, p. 534 [52] Journal, July 12, 1839, p. 2, cl. 6. [53] Day By Day, p. 114. Clerk’s Minutes. [54] Power, p. 580. Canedy and 2nd Northwest Corner: (clergyman Methodist Episcopal Church). 1860 census, p. 507 (Ill.)(41). $10,000/$150. [55] Day By Day, p. 115. [56] Journal, August 9, 1839, p. 2, cl. 4. [57] Register, August 10, 1839, p. 3 [58] Register, August 10, 1839, p. 1. [59] Power, p. 94. [60] Register, October 28, 1839, p. 3. [61] Register, August 10, 1839, p. 4. [62] Journal, September 6, 1839, p. 2, cl. 5. REGISTER??? [63] Journal, September 20, 1839, p. 2, cl. 5. [64] Register, September 28, 1839, p. 4. [65] Temple, Capitol, p. 8. Angle, p. 200. [66] Register, October 28, 1839, p. 3. [67] Register, October 28, 1839, p. 3. [68] Power, p. 360. (9/29/1839-_/__/___) [69] Angle, p. (Chapter 6) [70] Register, October 28, 1839, p. 3. [71] Power, p. 756. [72] Register, October 28, 1839, p. 3. [73] Journal, October 18, 1839, p. 3, cl. 2. [74] Journal, October 25, 1839, p. 2, cl. 6. [75] Angle, p. 83. [76] Register, October 28, 1839, p. 3. [77] Day By Day, p. 118. Journal, October 11, 1839. Register, October 12, 1839. Niles Register, November 7, 1839. [78] Day By Day, p. 118. Register, October 12, 1839. [79] Day By Day, p. 118. [80] Day By Day, p. 118. Clerk’s Minutes. [81] Journal, October 18, 1839, p. 3, cl. 2. A frame church was erected upon one of the lots in the summer of 1830 and dedicated the following winter. …in October, 1852, up to which time the old frame church, built in 1830 had been used for divine worship. 1881 History, p. 600. [82] 1881 History, p. 274. [83] 1881 History, pp. 539 (1832: Cholera), 287, 565 (1834: President: Springfield Board of Trustees) (1840: First Ward Alderman), 566, and 621 (Masonic Lodge: 1839). Arrived in 1830. Z. Enos: Snow Birds. Gray, Dr. James R. Married: Margaret B. Children: Agnes, John. Doctor. Journal, takes up estray, Ja26/32-3:4; Spfd. Phys.-signs cholera report, N24-1:4; agt to sell lands for Ninian Edwards, Ap27/33-3:3; mem. Spfd. Bd. Health, Jy6-3:1; judge elec. Spfd trustees, Mr11/37-3:3; vp. Sang. Co. Soc. For Promotion of Educ., O7-1:3; recom. E. C. Lavender, Jy7/38-1:7; vp Jy4 banquet, -2:1; chmn. Spfd. Citz mtg., Jy28-2:2; elec. Mgr. Sang. Co. Colonization Soc, O18/39-3:2; cand. Spfd. Alderman, Ap10/40-2:1; elec. Ap24-2:5; adv. For estrays, My1-2:7, My28/41-3:2; resigns as alderman, Ag27-2:2; m. Julia Ann Hitt, D3-2:7; mgr. Ill. St. Colonization Soc., Ja23/45-3:4; deft. Chancery suit Ja28/47-3:2; My27-3:7; deft. Attachment suit, S23-3:5. Power, p. 45 (Alderman: 1840), 49 (note for Capitol in 1838). Block 2, Edwards. Z. Enos: Snow Birds [84] 1881 History, pp. 185, 600, 1050 and 990. [85] Making the Heartland Quilt, p. 68. [86] Angle, pp. 85-87. [87] (1817-____) [88] Power, p. 343. [89] Register, October 28, 1839, p. 3. [90] Register, October 28, 1839, p. 3. [91] Register, October 28, 1839, p. 3. [92] Power, p. 82. [93] Power, p. 377. [94] 1858 Sides Map. Brick rectangle and two wooden square outbuildings;name-"V. Hickox"; faces Market. Lots 1 and 2, Block 2, P.P. Enos' Addition. 518 East Capitol. Extant. Photo. National register. Built in stages with the rear part being the earliest, circa 1839. [95] Power, p. 377. [96] Day By Day, p. 119. [97] Power, p. 76. See his name at Jackson to Edwards in the Fifth Street Index. [98] Day By Day, p. 121. Journal, November 23, 1839. [99] 1881 History, p. 605. Pastor A. Hale: pastor 1840-1866. [100] Conking Speech. [101] 1881 History, p. 605. [102] Day By Day, p. 121. Register, November 23, 1839. [103] Day By Day, p. 121. Register, November 23, 1839. [104] Pease, p. 328. Register, November 30, 1839. C. W., I, p. 154. [105] Angle, p. 83. [106] Pratt, Public Square. [107] Power, p. 753. [108] Power, p. 278. [109] Power, p. 228. [110] Day By Day, p. 125. [111] Day By Day, p. 125. Clerk’s Minutes. [112] [113] Angle, p. 92. [114] Mrs. Helen K. Dodge Edwards, Journal of the Illinois State Historical Society, Vol. 2, April 1909, No. 1, p. 34. [115] Power, p. 751. [116] Power, p. 537 [117] Power, p. 523. [118] Angle, p. 93. [119] The Preacher’s Tale, transcribed and edited by William Furry, Sangamon County Historical Society, 1999. [120] 1881 History, p. 682: [121] Angle, p.102. [122] Illinois State Register, November 2, 1859, p. 3, cl. 2. [123] 1881 History, p. 605. Pastor A. Hale: pastor 1840-1866. 1881 History, p. 286: Regarding the move of the State Capitol to Springfield. “Finding that the building could not be sufficiently advanced, the Second Presbyterian Church, on Fourth Street, was secured as Representatives’ Hall. The building was then quite new, and was by far the largest church edifice in the central and whole northern part of the State. It was built of brick, stood a few feet north of the site of the present magnificent Second Presbyterian Church, until the latter was erected. The old building was torn down in the summer of 1875. Lot 6, Block 20, Old Town of Springfield. [124] First Methodist Church, Piersel, pp. 7-8. [125] First Methodist Church, Piersel, p. 7. [126] Hickey, James T., The First Governor’s Mansion: 1843-1856, Journal of the Illinois State Historical Society, February 1976, p. 15. [127] 3 Scammon, p. 70. Sandburg, p. Abraham Lincoln 1809-1858, Albert J. Beveridge, Houghton Mifflin Company, The Riverside Press Cambridge, 1928, v. I, pp. 98-99, fn. 3. (Hereinafter “Beveridge.”) Oates, p. 101. Lincoln the Lawyer, Frederick Trevor Hill, The Century Co., New York, 1906, p. 118. THERE ARE NO ESTATE PAPERS IN SANGAMON COUNTY. Check other Counties. [128] 3 Scammon, p. 71. [129] Hand, p. 45. Day by Day, p. 117 (9/28/1839); p. 124 (12/9/1839); p. 163 (7/9/1841); p. 164 (7/23/1841).